The following opinion was provided in a letter to the editor of a national aeronautics magazine:
Manned space flight is costly and dangerous. Moreover, the recent success of a series of unmanned space probes and satellites has demonstrated that a great deal of useful information can be gathered without the costs and risks associated with sending men and women into space. Therefore, we should invest our resources in unmanned space flight.
The argument 'Manned space flight is costly and dangerous', I can agree to be true, as witnessed over the years in man's pursuit and nations' quest to be the first to dominate the skies. Till date, huge sums of money, are being invested into space flight and space travel, with countries like USA, Russia and China leading the race, and more often than not, these efforts turn futile due to accidents resulting in huge losses. However, these ventures, I believe are driven out of a need for research and to learn more about the universe we live in.
Upon the advent of space travel, series of unmanned space flights werre conducted, to ascetain the safety of such efforts. And whn these unmanned flights were found convenient enough, manned flights began. While I might also agree that the recent success of a series of unmanned space probes and satellites has demonstrated that a great deal of useful information can be gathered without the costs and risks associated with sending men and women into space, I beg to differ, and hereby assert that the need for manned space flights cannot be overemphasized, as not all space walks and operations can be conducted remotely, and without the help of a human onsite. This can be due to various factors ranging from the irregular surfaces that might require soem movement on.
Furthermore, Neil Armstrong - on stepping onto the moon's surface in 1969 is known to have stated, 'This is one small step for a man and one big step for mankind'. This giant feat would not have been possible had manned space flight not been encouraged. With the current need to build a space station, man's role in making this a success, is also very essential. Male and female astronauts alike, who hav undergone years of training, as well as planetary scientists need to man some of the space flights to conduct experiments of the location for the space station. Engineers would also be required for constructions, and other professionals would be essential for the success of the project.
In addition to this, it should be known that, just as there are successes of unmanned space probes and satellites, there are also failures. Thus, manned flights would be required to test run, trouble shoot and effectively correct such errors - with a human touch - and in such a way that machines and robots are incapable of. Also, for the fact that a great deal of information has been gathered and can still be gathered without instituting more manned flights, this does not mean that mankind would stop learning about the workings of his universe. Hene the necessity for more manned flights.
Considering costs, I can argue that the cost differences in manned and unmanned flights are relatively negligible, and largely equal. Manned flights require just about the same space shuttle and equipment as unmannd flights and come with an added benefit of better judgement or decision-making while in space.
In conclusion, th need for more manned flights is essential and should not be ignored, as man's goal to learn more abou the universe would not be enhanced and achieved, if manned space flights are stopped.
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Comments
Essay evaluations by e-grader
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 395, Rule ID: WHO_NOUN[1]
Message: A noun should not follow "who". Try changing to a verb or maybe to 'who is a hav'.
Suggestion: who is a hav
...tial. Male and female astronauts alike, who hav undergone years of training, as well as...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 476, Rule ID: SOME_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'some'.
Suggestion: some
...ell as planetary scientists need to man some of the space flights to conduct experiments of...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, first, furthermore, however, if, so, still, thus, well, while, in addition, in conclusion, as well as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 30.0 19.6327345309 153% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 22.0 12.9520958084 170% => OK
Conjunction : 28.0 11.1786427146 250% => Less conjunction wanted
Relative clauses : 10.0 13.6137724551 73% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 26.0 28.8173652695 90% => OK
Preposition: 64.0 55.5748502994 115% => OK
Nominalization: 10.0 16.3942115768 61% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2602.0 2260.96107784 115% => OK
No of words: 530.0 441.139720559 120% => OK
Chars per words: 4.90943396226 5.12650576532 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.79809637944 4.56307096286 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.54640792761 2.78398813304 91% => OK
Unique words: 267.0 204.123752495 131% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.503773584906 0.468620217663 108% => OK
syllable_count: 792.0 705.55239521 112% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 11.0 4.96107784431 222% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 1.0 8.76447105788 11% => OK
Subordination: 7.0 2.70958083832 258% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 6.0 1.67365269461 358% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 8.0 4.22255489022 189% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 27.0 22.8473053892 118% => OK
Sentence length SD: 85.3922674203 57.8364921388 148% => OK
Chars per sentence: 136.947368421 119.503703932 115% => OK
Words per sentence: 27.8947368421 23.324526521 120% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.63157894737 5.70786347227 99% => OK
Paragraphs: 6.0 5.15768463074 116% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 5.25449101796 38% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 8.20758483034 110% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 6.88822355289 73% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.67664670659 107% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.288611535473 0.218282227539 132% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.103977114391 0.0743258471296 140% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0741258372192 0.0701772020484 106% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.174118052309 0.128457276422 136% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.067443759701 0.0628817314937 107% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.6 14.3799401198 108% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 52.53 48.3550499002 109% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.6 12.197005988 103% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.49 12.5979740519 91% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.73 8.32208582834 105% => OK
difficult_words: 126.0 98.500998004 128% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 17.0 12.3882235529 137% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.8 11.1389221557 115% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.9071856287 109% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 83.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 5.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.
Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 5, column 395, Rule ID: WHO_NOUN[1]
Message: A noun should not follow "who". Try changing to a verb or maybe to 'who is a hav'.
Suggestion: who is a hav
...tial. Male and female astronauts alike, who hav undergone years of training, as well as...
^^^^^^^
Line 5, column 476, Rule ID: SOME_OF_THE[1]
Message: Simply use 'some'.
Suggestion: some
...ell as planetary scientists need to man some of the space flights to conduct experiments of...
^^^^^^^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, first, furthermore, however, if, so, still, thus, well, while, in addition, in conclusion, as well as
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 30.0 19.6327345309 153% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 22.0 12.9520958084 170% => OK
Conjunction : 28.0 11.1786427146 250% => Less conjunction wanted
Relative clauses : 10.0 13.6137724551 73% => More relative clauses wanted.
Pronoun: 26.0 28.8173652695 90% => OK
Preposition: 64.0 55.5748502994 115% => OK
Nominalization: 10.0 16.3942115768 61% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 2602.0 2260.96107784 115% => OK
No of words: 530.0 441.139720559 120% => OK
Chars per words: 4.90943396226 5.12650576532 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.79809637944 4.56307096286 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.54640792761 2.78398813304 91% => OK
Unique words: 267.0 204.123752495 131% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.503773584906 0.468620217663 108% => OK
syllable_count: 792.0 705.55239521 112% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.59920159681 94% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 11.0 4.96107784431 222% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 1.0 8.76447105788 11% => OK
Subordination: 7.0 2.70958083832 258% => Less adverbial clause wanted.
Conjunction: 6.0 1.67365269461 358% => Less conjunction wanted as sentence beginning.
Preposition: 8.0 4.22255489022 189% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 19.0 19.7664670659 96% => OK
Sentence length: 27.0 22.8473053892 118% => OK
Sentence length SD: 85.3922674203 57.8364921388 148% => OK
Chars per sentence: 136.947368421 119.503703932 115% => OK
Words per sentence: 27.8947368421 23.324526521 120% => OK
Discourse Markers: 5.63157894737 5.70786347227 99% => OK
Paragraphs: 6.0 5.15768463074 116% => OK
Language errors: 2.0 5.25449101796 38% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 9.0 8.20758483034 110% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 5.0 6.88822355289 73% => OK
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 5.0 4.67664670659 107% => OK
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.288611535473 0.218282227539 132% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.103977114391 0.0743258471296 140% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0741258372192 0.0701772020484 106% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.174118052309 0.128457276422 136% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.067443759701 0.0628817314937 107% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 15.6 14.3799401198 108% => OK
flesch_reading_ease: 52.53 48.3550499002 109% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 7.1628742515 123% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 12.6 12.197005988 103% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 11.49 12.5979740519 91% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 8.73 8.32208582834 105% => OK
difficult_words: 126.0 98.500998004 128% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 17.0 12.3882235529 137% => OK
gunning_fog: 12.8 11.1389221557 115% => OK
text_standard: 13.0 11.9071856287 109% => OK
What are above readability scores?
---------------------
Rates: 83.33 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 5.0 Out of 6
---------------------
Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.