In a vote that took place at the International Astronomical Union Conference on August 24th, 2006, Pluto lost its status as a planet in our solar system. Pluto was originally discovered in 1930 when scientists were searching for something that was interfering with Uranus's orbit. Though Pluto was estimated to be similar in size to Earth, it was later discovered that it was even smaller than our own moon, as well as many other moons. It is now known that there are thousands of planetary objects similar to Pluto, including Eris which is slightly larger than Pluto. Choosing to reclassify Pluto to a dwarf planet honors the fact that science is about making new discoveries. While it was a sad day for Pluto lovers, people in general have accepted the idea, and the next generation of children will grow up knowing only eight planets and thinking nothing of it. As Mike Brown, the astronomer who discovered Eris, noted following the IUC's decision, "science is self-correcting."
Transcript of lecture:
As you all likely know by now, Pluto has been officially demoted to a dwarf planet. What this means is that we will no longer include it as part of our solar system. The debate about whether or not Pluto should hold its status as a planet created such a conflict within the community of world astronomers that it has been called the Great Pluto War. The decision on whether or not to demote Pluto was put to a final vote by astronomers from around the world at the International Astronomical Union Conference. However, when I say from around the world, I don't mean worldwide. In fact, less than 10% of the world's astronomers voted, and most of those who were at the conference had already gone home by the last day when the vote took place. Of more than 10 000 potential voters, less than 500 took part, mainly because there was no way for them to cast their vote without actually being at the conference. Many astronomers believe that if electronic voting had been an option, Pluto along with two other celestial objects, would now be considered planets. Furthermore, the definition that was decided upon for a planet - that it must clear the neighborhood around its orbit - doesn't technically hold up, since Earth, Mars, Neptune, and Jupiter all have asteroids as neighbors.
The IUC decision disappointed many people outside the astronomy community too. You see, there are more than a few Pluto lovers out there. Some were so angry at the resolution that they began putting petitions together to have the ruling overturned. In New Mexico, where Pluto's discoverer was a resident, state officials have declared March 13th, Pluto Planet Day. Children in particular have a thing with Pluto and are perhaps the least willing to part with it. The name for the now dwarf planet was put to a vote in 1930. And incidentally, Pluto, which was chosen unanimously by a group at the observatory where it was discovered, had been submitted by a young schoolgirl.
The reading and lecture are both about demoting Pluto as a planet. Pluto which was discovered as a planet has been demoted in 2006 at the International Astronomical Union Conference. The author of the reading feels that this decision led to new discoveries. The lecturer challenges the claims made by the author. She is of the opinion that there are significant reasons to consider Pluto as a planet.
To begin with, the author argues that voting held at IAUC in 2006 has approved to demote Pluto as a planet. The article mentions the size of the Pluto is smaller than our own moon. This specific argument is challenged by the lecturer. She claims that the voting held was considered a very less number of astronomers around the world. Many astronomers who were invited for voting could not make it to the day of voting and only 10% of astronomers were able to make it. Additionally, she says, if electronic voting was considered then Pluto would still remain as a planet.
Secondly, the author suggests that Pluto was demoted because of its small size. However, the lecturer rebuts this by mentioning that Pluto was demoted because it doesn’t obey the definition of the Planet. She elaborates on this by bringing up the point that Earth, Mars, Jupyter also does not even obey the definition strictly.
Finally, the author posits that the general people have accepted that Pluto is not a planet anymore. Moreover, in the article, it is said that the next generations will never know about the existence of Pluto. In contrast, the lecturer position is that many people did not really accept this decision and even tried legal proceedings to revert it back. He notes that countries like Mexico are celebrating Pluto Planet Day and the children of the next generations will definitely going to know about Pluto and the conflict that it has created in the world of astronomy.
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| 2022-10-13 | Nina Tsarevich | 83 | view |
| 2020-10-31 | Darwin | 90 | view |
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Grammar and spelling errors:
Line 4, column 480, Rule ID: DID_BASEFORM[1]
Message: The verb 'will' requires the base form of the verb: 'go'
Suggestion: go
...of the next generations will definitely going to know about Pluto and the conflict th...
^^^^^
Transition Words or Phrases used:
also, but, finally, however, if, moreover, really, second, secondly, so, still, then, in contrast, to begin with
Attributes: Values AverageValues Percentages(Values/AverageValues)% => Comments
Performance on Part of Speech:
To be verbs : 17.0 10.4613686534 163% => OK
Auxiliary verbs: 4.0 5.04856512141 79% => OK
Conjunction : 5.0 7.30242825607 68% => OK
Relative clauses : 15.0 12.0772626932 124% => OK
Pronoun: 31.0 22.412803532 138% => Less pronouns wanted
Preposition: 38.0 30.3222958057 125% => OK
Nominalization: 6.0 5.01324503311 120% => OK
Performance on vocabulary words:
No of characters: 1560.0 1373.03311258 114% => OK
No of words: 321.0 270.72406181 119% => OK
Chars per words: 4.85981308411 5.08290768461 96% => OK
Fourth root words length: 4.23278547379 4.04702891845 105% => OK
Word Length SD: 2.59617279064 2.5805825403 101% => OK
Unique words: 162.0 145.348785872 111% => OK
Unique words percentage: 0.504672897196 0.540411800872 93% => More unique words wanted or less content wanted.
syllable_count: 492.3 419.366225166 117% => OK
avg_syllables_per_word: 1.5 1.55342163355 97% => OK
A sentence (or a clause, phrase) starts by:
Pronoun: 7.0 3.25607064018 215% => Less pronouns wanted as sentence beginning.
Article: 9.0 8.23620309051 109% => OK
Subordination: 1.0 1.25165562914 80% => OK
Conjunction: 0.0 1.51434878587 0% => OK
Preposition: 3.0 2.5761589404 116% => OK
Performance on sentences:
How many sentences: 18.0 13.0662251656 138% => OK
Sentence length: 17.0 21.2450331126 80% => The Avg. Sentence Length is relatively short.
Sentence length SD: 37.2521024347 49.2860985944 76% => OK
Chars per sentence: 86.6666666667 110.228320801 79% => OK
Words per sentence: 17.8333333333 21.698381199 82% => OK
Discourse Markers: 6.22222222222 7.06452816374 88% => OK
Paragraphs: 4.0 4.09492273731 98% => OK
Language errors: 1.0 4.19205298013 24% => OK
Sentences with positive sentiment : 6.0 4.33554083885 138% => OK
Sentences with negative sentiment : 2.0 4.45695364238 45% => More negative sentences wanted.
Sentences with neutral sentiment: 10.0 4.27373068433 234% => Less facts, knowledge or examples wanted.
What are sentences with positive/Negative/neutral sentiment?
Coherence and Cohesion:
Essay topic to essay body coherence: 0.297714320821 0.272083759551 109% => OK
Sentence topic coherence: 0.0990583751647 0.0996497079465 99% => OK
Sentence topic coherence SD: 0.0863232645221 0.0662205650399 130% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence: 0.185935746458 0.162205337803 115% => OK
Paragraph topic coherence SD: 0.0734998754907 0.0443174109184 166% => OK
Essay readability:
automated_readability_index: 10.4 13.3589403974 78% => Automated_readability_index is low.
flesch_reading_ease: 62.68 53.8541721854 116% => OK
smog_index: 8.8 5.55761589404 158% => OK
flesch_kincaid_grade: 8.7 11.0289183223 79% => OK
coleman_liau_index: 10.61 12.2367328918 87% => OK
dale_chall_readability_score: 7.97 8.42419426049 95% => OK
difficult_words: 71.0 63.6247240618 112% => OK
linsear_write_formula: 7.0 10.7273730684 65% => OK
gunning_fog: 8.8 10.498013245 84% => OK
text_standard: 9.0 11.2008830022 80% => OK
What are above readability scores?
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Write the essay in 20 minutes.
Rates: 78.3333333333 out of 100
Scores by essay e-grader: 23.5 Out of 30
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Note: the e-grader does NOT examine the meaning of words and ideas. VIP users will receive further evaluations by advanced module of e-grader and human graders.